“Legacy” is a word that boosters of a city’s Olympic bid always deploy. This is the idea that the fantastic sums spent on the event – on everything from new infrastructure and architectural works to citywide branding schemes – are an investment guaranteeing returns for the host city long beyond its two-week jamboree.
There are historical grounds for scepticism. Most infamously, Montréal was almost bankrupted by the 1976 Games, whose final bill came to about 13 times the original estimate. Much of it was consumed by the Olympic Stadium, which was designed by French architect Roger Taillibert and affectionately known as “the Big O” (or less so as “the Big Owe”). Earlier this year, Quebec’s authorities announced that a further CA$870m (€580m) would have to be spent on a new roof: its third.
Other cautionary money pits include Athens 2004 and Vancouver’s 2010 Winter Games. But it doesn’t have to be like those. I live near the site of London’s 2012 Olympics; its venues and parks remain popular. Here, you’ll find contributions to the city’s architectural canon, including the Ken Shuttleworth-designed Copper Box Arena, which hosts the city’s professional basketball team, Zaha Hadid’s striking London Aquatics Centre and the gently undulating form of the Lee Valley Velodrome by Hopkins Architects. Reasonable criticisms have been made that the new housing proved less affordable than advertised but it is still an improvement on what was there previously: a derelict industrial precinct in which the only life was weeds. Though barely 20 minutes by Tube from Oxford Circus, Stratford felt like a remote province before 2012. Now it’s a bustling part of London, thanks to the practical and striking architecture that has filled it with activity.
While London has shown that Olympic builds don’t have to be white elephants, Paris is seeking to build a new architectural legacy with its Games. It has also wisely forsaken the temptation of the outskirts; its only major new venue is the Aquatics Centre (see below). Most other exertions will occur in extant arenas that have been adapted or refurbished. Fencing and martial arts will take place in the glass-roofed Grand Palais, beach volleyball in the shadow of the Eiffel Tower, equestrian events at Versailles and the opening ceremony’s parade on the Seine. If there is an exportable lesson from Paris for future Olympic cities, it might be to stage the Games as close as possible to where people already are and use the event as a chance to fortify and enhance your existing architecture.
Andrew Mueller is a contributing editor at Monocle. For more coverage of the Olympics, tune in toMonocle Radio, which will be broadcasting across the full two-week arc of the Games from Maison Allianz in Paris. Allianz is the worldwide insurance partner of the Olympic and Paralympic Games.