In 2007, Vladimir Putin delivered a speech at the Munich Security Conference (pictured) lambasting the US for trying to create a “world in which there is one master, one sovereign” through the use of an “almost uncontained hyper use of force – military force – in international relations … that is plunging the world into an abyss of permanent conflicts”. He warned that Nato’s enlargement “represents a serious provocation that reduces the level of mutual trust”. But that Russia, “a country with a history that spans more than 1,000 years”, would neither be cowed nor abandon “an independent foreign policy”.
The consensus was that he was not serious – or that, if he were, he would come to realise that Nato enlargement was no threat. The consensus was that Russia, which many still saw through the lens of the chaotic 1990s, could not be a serious player on the world stage – or that, if it tried, it would be a second-tier power forced to play by the West’s rules. The consensus was that the overblown fear of Nato enlargement would recede. Yet here we are with it being one of the drivers behind the prospect of the largest land war in Europe since 1945.
We have 15 years of lessons, successes and failures to draw on since then but a crucial one that the West might not have learnt is this: while Putin can and does lie and obfuscate as well as any Westminster politician, when it comes to the big issues he actually tends – unfashionably enough – to say what he means. Maybe we in the West are just too cynical to accept that what we see and hear really is what we are likely to get.
Mark Galeotti is a Russia expert, regular Monocle contributor and author of ‘The Weaponisation of Everything’ and ‘We Need to Talk about Putin’. For more on how the world has changed over the past 15 years, and what’s next, subscribe to Monocle now for a copy of our 15th-anniversary issue or pick one up on newsstands from Thursday.